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Sinusitus

How to Treat Chronic Sinusitis with Nasal Polyps

September 6, 2024

6 minutes

Reviewed by Michael Kaplan, MD

Chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps can be challenging, significantly affecting your quality of life. Nasal polyps are non-cancerous growths in the lining of your nasal passages or sinuses that can lead to persistent symptoms like nasal congestion, reduced sense of smell, and sinus pressure. When these polyps are present alongside chronic sinusitis, treatment can be more complex.

Fortunately, several treatment options are available, ranging from medications to surgical interventions. The right approach depends on the severity of your symptoms and the underlying causes of your condition.

What are nasal polyps?

Nasal polyps are soft, painless growths that develop on the lining of your nasal passages or sinuses. They result from chronic inflammation due to conditions such as: 

  • Asthma
  • Allergies
  • Drug sensitivity
  • Immune disorders

While small polyps may not cause symptoms, larger ones can block your nasal passages, leading to difficulty breathing and other related issues. They are usually teardrop-shaped and can occur in one or both nostrils.

Nasal polyps symptoms

The presence of nasal polyps often leads to symptoms that can significantly impact daily life. Common symptoms include the following:

Some people may also experience snoring, headaches, and a feeling of fullness in the face. Since these symptoms overlap with other conditions like allergies or a common cold, nasal polyps are often misdiagnosed initially.

What happens if nasal polyps go untreated?

What happens if nasal polyps go untreated? Chronic inflammation can result in persistent sinus infections, which are not only uncomfortable but can also lead to more serious problems, such as infections spreading to nearby areas like the eyes and brain.

Untreated nasal polyps can cause permanent changes in your sense of smell and can lead to obstructive sleep apnea, a potentially serious sleep disorder. Furthermore, chronic nasal obstruction can lead to difficulties in breathing, affecting your overall health and well-being.

Nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis

The relationship between chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps is complex and often cyclical. Chronic sinusitis is characterized by prolonged inflammation of the sinuses, lasting for 12 weeks or more. This persistent inflammation can lead to the formation of nasal polyps, which are growths that develop in the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses.

When nasal polyps are present, they can exacerbate the symptoms of chronic sinusitis by obstructing the nasal passages and blocking normal mucus drainage. This blockage creates an environment where bacteria and other pathogens can thrive, leading to recurrent or persistent sinus infections. Additionally, the presence of polyps can cause further irritation and inflammation, worsening the sinus infection.

As the sinusitis continues, it can contribute to the growth and persistence of the polyps, creating a cycle of ongoing inflammation and congestion that can be difficult to break without targeted treatment.

Risk factors for chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps

Understanding the risk factors for developing nasal polyps with chronic sinus infections can help you take preventive measures and seek early treatment. Several factors increase the likelihood of developing these conditions, many of which are related to chronic inflammation in the nasal passages and sinuses:

  1. Allergies: Allergic rhinitis, or hay fever, is a common risk factor for nasal polyps. The chronic inflammation caused by allergic reactions can contribute to the formation of polyps and increase the risk of developing chronic sinusitis.
  2. Asthma: People with asthma, especially those with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), are at a higher risk of developing nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis. Asthma-related inflammation in the airways can extend to the nasal passages and sinuses, leading to these conditions.
  3. Frequent sinus infections: Recurrent sinus infections can damage the lining of the sinuses, making them more susceptible to chronic inflammation of nasal passages and polyp formation.
  4. Genetic factors: A family history of nasal polyps or chronic sinusitis can increase your risk. Certain genetic conditions, such as cystic fibrosis, also predispose individuals to these issues due to the thickened mucus that obstructs the airways and sinuses.
  5. Immune system disorders: Conditions that affect the immune system, such as certain autoimmune diseases, can lead to chronic inflammation, increasing the risk of developing nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis.

How do you treat chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps?

Treating chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps typically involves a combination of medical therapies and, in some cases, surgery. After an initial nasal polyps treatment, regular follow-up care is essential to manage chronic sinusitis and prevent the recurrence of nasal polyps. This may include ongoing use of nasal corticosteroids, routine check-ups, and possibly further surgical interventions if necessary.

Here are some chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps treatment options:

Medication

  • Corticosteroids: Nasal corticosteroids are often the first line of treatment. They help reduce inflammation and shrink the polyps, easing nasal congestion and other symptoms. If nasal sprays are not effective, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids for a short period.
  • Saline nasal irrigation: Regularly rinsing your nasal passages with saline solution can help clear out mucus and allergens, reducing inflammation and keeping the nasal passages clear.
  • Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is present, a course of antibiotics may be prescribed to manage the infection. However, antibiotics alone will not treat the polyps.

Surgery

  • Sinus endoscopic surgery: If medication does not provide sufficient relief, surgery may be necessary. Endoscopic sinus surgery is a minimally invasive procedure where a surgeon uses an endoscope to remove the polyps and clear out the sinuses. This surgery can improve breathing, reduce the risk of infections, and improve your sense of smell.
  • Polypectomy: In cases where polyps are small, a polypectomy may be performed. This involves the removal of polyps using a small suction device or microdebrider.

Lifestyle modifications

  • Allergen management: Avoiding known allergens, using air purifiers, and practicing good hygiene can help reduce the frequency of sinus flare-ups.
  • Humidity control: Maintaining proper humidity levels in your home can prevent the nasal passages from drying out and becoming inflamed.

Struggling with chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps? Kaplan Sinus Relief can provide long-term relief.

If you’re struggling with chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps, finding the right treatment can make a world of difference. At Kaplan Sinus Relief, we specialize in providing personalized care that targets your specific symptoms and conditions. Dr. Michael Kaplan uses the latest medical advancements and surgical techniques to offer comprehensive treatment plans tailored to your needs.

Don’t let chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps control your life. Whether you need medication, surgery, or ongoing management, we are here to help you breathe easier and improve your quality of life. Contact Kaplan Sinus Relief today to schedule a consultation and take the first step towards lasting relief.

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